Tendrías que hacer una combinación entre esa función y ésta:
Private Declare Function GetVolumeInformation Lib "Kernel32" Alias "GetVolumeInformationA" (ByVal lpRootPathName As String, ByVal lpVolumeNameBuffer As String, ByVal nVolumeNameSize As Long, lpVolumeSerialNumber As Long, lpMaximumComponentLength As Long, lpFileSystemFlags As Long, ByVal lpFileSystemNameBuffer As String, ByVal nFileSystemNameSize As Long) As Long
Dim Serial As Long, VName As String, FSName As String
VName = String$(255, Chr$(0))
FSName = String$(255, Chr$(0))
GetVolumeInformation "C:\", VName, 255, Serial, 0, 0, FSName, 255
VName = Left$(VName, InStr(1, VName, Chr$(0)) - 1)
FSName = Left$(FSName, InStr(1, FSName, Chr$(0)) - 1)
MsgBox "La etiqueta C:\ es '" + VName + "', el sistema de archivos de C:\ es '" + FSName + "' y el número de serie de C:\ es '" + Trim(Str$(Serial)) + "'", vbInformation + vbOKOnly